简介

本报告系统地分析了中国水问题的基本特征、影响因素和变化趋势，综述了国内外水资源领域科技发展的现状及差距，指出了当前存在的一些共性的科学难题和技术瓶颈，并重点介绍了国际上水资源领域科技发展路线图的案例以及中国近期的涉水科技发展规划。在此基础上，区分近期（至2020年前后）、中期（至2030年前后）和长期（至2050年前后）三个时段，并按照水资源、水环境、水生态、水灾害和水管理五个方面以及国家需求→发展目标→科技问题→关键技术的基本框架，研究了中国至2051年水资源领域科技发展的路线图，重点绘制了基于发展目标、科技问题和关键技术三个层面的科技发展路线图，并从基础性研究、前瞻性技术研发、流域研究与管理和中国区域水资源问题对策四个方面提出了当前及未来时期中国应该重视和加强研究的若干重大科技问题。 本报告对于各级科技部门、水利部门、环境部门、国土部门、农业部门等的决策者，以及相关的科研院所、大专院校、社会公众等具有较高的参考价值和研究价值。 As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of water science. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050.In their entirety,the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology,describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process,predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution,and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China's modernization,the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology,work out China's S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with Chinas reality,further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China's modernization,and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China's reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data,the reports provide researchers,government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions,the planning process,and investment. Founded in 1949,the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation's highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences,to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment,to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government's decision-making,to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development,to initiate personnel training,and to promote China's high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas.

目录

Abstract
1 Basic Characteristics， Influencing Factors， and Changing Trend of China's Water Issues
1.1 Basic Characteristics of China's Water Issue
1.2 Impact of Climate Change and Human Factors on Water Issues..
1.3 Development Trend of China's Water Issues
2 Status quo of Water Science & Technology Development in China and Abroad
2.1 Current State of Water Science & Technology Development in Foreign Countries
2.2 Current State of Water Science & Technology Development in China...
2.3 Scientific Puzzles and Key Technologies
3 Comprehensive Roadmap to 2050 for Water Science & Technology Development
3.1 Study Approach of the Roadmap to 2050 for Water Science & Technology Development
3.2 Strategic Guideline for Addressing Future Water Crisis in China
3.3 Comprehensive Roadmap to 2050 for China's Water Science & Technology Development
4 Foresight of China's Water Science & Technology Development till Year 2050
4.1 Water Resource Issue
4.2 Water Environment Issue
4.3 Aquatic Ecology Issue
4.4 Water Disaster Issue
4.5 Water Management Issue
Thematic Roadmaps to 2050 for China's Water Science & Technology Development
5.1 Roadmap for Development Goals
5.2 Roadmap for Water Science & Technology Issues
5.3 Roadmap for Key Technologies
5.4 Recommendations on Key Science & Technology Tasks
6 Summary
Main Conclusions and View Points
References
Epilogue