简介

本报告面向2051年中国实现现代化的宏伟愿景，从历史和未来走向的视角，分析了科技发展的演进和规律，阐释了科技对现代化建设的决定性作用，做出当今世界正处在科技创新突破和新科技革命前夜的战略判断，提出中国必须为新科技革命的到来做好准备。在系统分析中国现代化进程不同阶段对科技发展需求的基础上，提出了以科技创新为支撑的八大经济社会基础和战略体系的整体构想，并从中国国情出发设计了支撑八大体系建设的科技发展路线图，凝练出影响我国现代化进程全局的战略性科技问题，并提出了走中国特色科技创新道路的系统政策建议。 This general report, sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, presents a pa-noramic scenario for Chinas modernization drive to 2050. It analyzes the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describes the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predicts that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, arid calls for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on its detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China\'s modernization, it draws a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, works out Chinas S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with Chinas reality, further details S&T initiatives of strategic importance to Chinas modernization, and provides S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China's reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the general report provides researchers, government officials and even entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment. It also serves as a preamble for the eighteen detailed field-specific reports of the committees assigned to craft roadmaps for each sphere of development. Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation's highest academic institution in the natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government\'s decision-makings, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote Chinas high-tech enter-prises through its active engagement in these areas.

目录

Introduction
1 The World is at the Eve of a New S&T Revolution
1.1 Modernization Calls for a New S&T Revolution
1.2 Signs and Possible Directions of S&T Revolution
2 The New S&T Revolution Provides Historical Opportunities for　China's Modernization
2.1 China Must Be Fully Prepared for an Impending S&T Revolution
2.2 New Demands on S&T Innovation in China恠 Modernization Process
3 China's Eight Basic and Strategic Systems for Socio-economic Development
3.1 The System of Sustainable Energy and Resources
3.2 The Green System of Advanced Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing
3.3 The System of Ubiquitous Information Networking
3.4 The System of Ecological and High-value Agriculture and Biological Industry
3.5 The Generally Applicable Health Assurance System
3.6 The Development System of Ecological and Environmental Conservation
3.7 The Expanded System of Space and Ocean Exploration Capability
3.8 The National and Public Security System
4 Twenty-two S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's Modernization
4.1 Six S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's International Competitiveness
4.2 Seven S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's Sustainability
4.3 Two S&T Initiatives of Strategic Importance to China's National and Public Security
4.4 Four Basic Science Initiatives Likely to Make Transformative Breakthroughs
4.5 Three Emerging Initiatives of Cross-disciplinary and Cutting-edge Research
5 S&T Innovation with Chinese Characteristics
5.1 Relying on Domestic Efforts and Effectively Integrating the Global Innovation Resources in Line with Opening to the Outside World
5.2 Assembling and Cultivating Talents via Innovation Practice in Line with the Principle of Putting People First
5.3 Integrating the Market's Primary Role and the Government's Macro-regulation in Line with China's Reality
5.4 Ensuring Division of Labor and Cooperation among Stakeholders in the National Innovation System in Line with Deepening Reform
5.5 Promoting Innovation through Management Innovation in Line with Integrated Planning